Journal: Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Article Title: SPION + macrophage traffic out of the central nervous system with SIV infection

doi: 10.1186/s40478-025-02179-6

Figure Lengend Snippet: SPION localize to CNS macrophage. SPION (visible as amber beads) were detected within Iba1 + , CD68 + , CD163 + , and CD206 + perivascular, meningeal, and choroid plexus macrophages in the CNS. Macrophages were identified by hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for Iba1, CD68, CD163, and CD206. Rows depict representative examples of perivascular, meningeal, and choroid plexus macrophages identified by anatomical location and IHC labeling. SPION are indicated by arrowheads in magnified images. Data are representative of N = 2 non-infected monkeys, 14 days post i.c. SPION inoculation

Article Snippet: IHC was performed as previously described, using antibodies targeting CD163 (1:250, Leica (Deer Park, IL)), CD68 (1:100, DAKO (Carpinteria, CA)), CD206 (1:1000, R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN)), and IBA1 macrophages (1:100, Wako (Osaka, Japan)) [ , ].

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Labeling, Infection

Journal: BMC Neuroscience

Article Title: Post-stroke butyrate treatment shows sex-dependent microglial responses but does not improve outcomes in a mouse model of endothelin-1 sensory motor stroke

doi: 10.1186/s12868-025-00959-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microglia release of cytokines ( A ) TNF, ( B ) IL1β, ( C ) IL6, and ( D ) IL10 when treated with butyrate. Two-factor ANOVA identified a significant main effect of sex in all cytokines, and * indicates a pairwise statistical significance ( p ≤ 0.05) between males (N = 7 ) and females (N = 7 ) with a two-factor ANOVA and Sidak’s multiple comparison post hoc ( N = 14)

Article Snippet: Additional reagents included: E. coli O111:B4 LPS, poly-l-lysine (PLL), and butyrate (Millipore Sigma, St. Louis, MO); IFNγ (Peprotech, Montreal, QC); and ELISA kits for TNF, IL1β, IL6, and IL10 (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN).

Techniques: Comparison